The "Plus One English Chapter-by-Chapter Notes" contain all of the important concepts, summary, solutions, character sketches, etc for the Kerala curriculum Plus One English student. The Indian subcontinent has always been prone to natural disasters. It is essential for every individual, as well as government authorities, to check whether their preparedness for a disaster is adequate or not. A good disaster plan can probably save hundreds of lives during any natural disaster. India is a country of varied climatic conditions spread over diverse geographic regions, over time, various disasters have occurred to hit the very core foundation of life.
| Board | SCERT, Kerala |
| Text Book | NCERT Based |
| Class | Plus One |
| Subject | English Notes |
| Chapter | Chapter 1 |
| Chapter Name | Disasters and Disaster Management in India |
| Category | Plus One Kerala |
Kerala Syllabus plus one English Notes Unit IV Chapter 1 Disasters and Disaster Management in India (Essay)
Chapter 2: Disasters and Disaster Management in India
Summary
Disaster is a common occurrence in humans. Humans have been affected by disasters of various kinds since the beginning of time. A recent World Disaster report indicates that disasters have increased in number and intensity.
People are increasingly exposed to disasters of all kinds. These include earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, landslides, droughts, accidents, plane crashes, forest fires, etc. This is especially true in developed and developing countries. Floods in the UK and France, as well as heat waves in Europe, especially the French one in 2003, killed many people. Over the past few years, America has again experienced devastating disasters such as hurricanes, typhoons and hurricanes. They caused many deaths and great devastation. Although technological advances are helping people to reduce the impact of disasters, they are not enough.
There is a direct link between higher human development and better preparedness to manage disasters. The least developed countries are at risk of catastrophic damage.
Of all the disasters, floods are the most common. They are followed by hurricanes, droughts, and earthquakes. Drought is a major cause of death, accounting for 48% of the deaths due to natural disasters. Asia has one of the highest rates of casualties. India, China and Bangladesh are on the Asian continent.
India, because of its location and geographical location, is very prone to disasters. Its long coastline, snow-capped peaks and high mountains and endless northern rivers merge to make matters worse. India has only 2% of the total population, but it supports 18% of the population. Therefore, there is a lot of pressure on natural resources. This leads to direct or indirect disasters such as floods, droughts, landslides, and earthquakes.
The northern region of India is in dire straits due to landslides, floods, droughts and earthquakes as it falls under the seismic zones III to V. The eastern region has a flood problem in the never-ending rivers including Brahmaputra, Ganga, etc. , heat waves, hailstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes, and earthquakes are also common here. The northeastern region is plagued by floods, landslides, and earthquakes. This region falls under the seismic zones IV & V.
The western region is characterized by severe drought, landslides, floods and hurricanes. Earthquakes are also common. The southern region, especially the coastal region, is prone to storms, sea erosion, tsunamis and landslides. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep are prone to erosion and tsunamis. Coastal areas of India have suffered severe storms.
Of all the Indian disasters, the tsunami is relatively new. Due to a lack of adequate warning systems, the 2004 tsunami devastated much of the coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and the Andaman and Nicobar islands. It killed many people and destroyed millions of dollars' worth of property.
India has suffered a number of natural disasters. There was also the man-made disaster of the 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy. During this century, India experienced Gujarat earthquakes (2001), Mumbai-Gujarat floods (2005), tsunamis (2004), Uttarakhand floods and Hurricane Phailin coastal Orissa and Andhra Pradesh (2013) .
The direct and indirect effects of disasters, be they natural or industrial, damage, destruction and death. In the event of a disaster, livelihood support systems such as communications, power supply, water supply and damaged drainage. Health care facilities and hospitals are under tremendous pressure. Commercial and economic activities have been severely affected. Life almost stopped. Traumatic stress caused by disasters is so devastating that it lasts a lifetime. So along with other rehabilitation activities, mental rehabilitation should be provided.
The impact is even greater in the case of man-made disasters such as riots. The worst affected are poor sections of society, who have to work every day to make ends meet.
In other natural disasters, such as hurricanes, tsunamis, and earthquakes, it is the building block that causes damage and death. In developing countries only 30 percent of buildings are constructed in accordance with safety regulations. The shortage of master-plan and the low level of materials used in construction also increase the number of casualties from disasters. Both private and public buildings must be constructed in accordance with the rules set by law. Construction should also be in accordance with the main plan approved by the authorities. High quality materials should be used for construction only.
UNDAC (United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination), together with the Government of India, have jointly developed an action plan for earthquake-prone cities and towns. In high-risk areas, existing buildings should be technically inspected and owners should be informed of weaknesses in their construction. It is estimated that about a million buildings are built in India each year and that an equal number are affected by disasters. In order to minimize damage to buildings, a precautionary measure should be put in place. It must work closely with the relevant authorities to ensure the fulfillment of the building codes.
In the area of disaster management, provincial governments play a key role. The central government plays the role of relief only. At the government level, there is a Government Disaster Risk Management Committee consisting of senior secretaries of various departments and representatives of NGOs. At the national level, there is the Crisis Management Committee, led by the Cabinet Secretary and secretaries of major government departments. Thffcentral Government, accordingly
Plus One English Notes
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- Chapter 1: His First Flight (Story)
- Chapter 2: I Will Fly (Speech)
- Chapter 3: Quest for a Theory of Everything (Profile)
- Chapter 4: If (Poem)
- Chapter 1: And then Gandhi Came (Essay)
- Chapter 2: The Price of Flowers (Short Story)
- Chapter 3: Death the Leveller (Poem)
- Chapter 1: Sunrise on the Hills (Poem)
- Chapter 2: The Trip of Le Horla (Short Story)
- Chapter 3: The Sacred Turtles of Kadavu (Based on Fijian Legend)
- Chapter 1: Disasters and Disaster Management in India (Essay)
- Chapter 2: The Serang of Ranaganji (Short Story)
- Chapter 3: The Wreck of the Titanic (Poem)
- Chapter 1: Gooseberries (Story)
- Chapter 2: To Sleep (Poem)
- Chapter 3: Going Out for a Walk (Essay)
- Chapter 1: The Cyber Space (Essay)
- Chapter 2: Is Society Dead? (Article)
- Chapter 3: Conceptual Fruit (Short Story)
Unit 1 Glimpses of Greatness
Unit 2 Words and Deeds
Unit 3 Beyond The Horizon
Unit 4 Braving The Hazards
Unit 5 Harmony of Life
Unit 6 Leaps and Bounds
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